转录组数据分析与功能基因挖掘

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.03.002

Abstract

Abstract:

With the continuous development and application of high-throughput sequencing technology, transcriptome analysis method is developed for mining genes with important function. However, a lot work needs to be done for efficient and accurate transcriptome analysis based on massive sequencing data. Here, we reviewed methods for reads quality control, reads mapping, genome annotation, transcripts assembling, expression quantification, differential expression analysis for RNA-seq data. We summarized the performance and scope of application of the common softwares, algorithms and databases used. We also reviewed analysis methods such as protein regulatory interaction networks as well as weighted gene co-expression networks. Transcriptome analysis has been evolved from identifying differentially expressed gene within-species to utilizing related species as reference to mine the functional genes in target species. By combining with various methods, such as the homologous gene prediction, select signal detection, extreme data analysis, GO annotation and KEGG enrichment and bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) methods, the results from RNA-seq analysis are more scientific and reliable. With the development of sequencing technology and data analysis methods as well as continuous improvement of database resources, the underline gene regulation and the law of life implied in the sequencing data will be uncovered accurately and deeply in future.

CLC Number:

S813.1

LI Xin, LI Xiaojun, CHEN Xiaoli, ZHAO Yiqiang, WANG Dong. Transcriptomics Analysis and Functional Genes Mining[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2019, 50(3): 474-484.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.xmsyxb.com/EN/10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.03.002

https://www.xmsyxb.com/EN/Y2019/V50/I3/474

References

[1] VELCULESCU V E,ZHANG L,ZHOU W,et al.Characterization of the yeast transcriptome[J].Cell,1997,88(2):243-251.
[2] DAL MOLIN A,BARUZZO G,DI CAMILLO B.Single-cell RNA-sequencing:assessment of differential expression analysis methods[J]. Front Genet,2017,8:62.
[3] 吴良涛,郑敏,华敏,等.基于RNA-Seq筛选鸭肠炎病毒感染鸭脾差异表达免疫相关基因[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(2):297-306.
WU L T,ZHENG M,HUA M,et al.Screening of differentially expressed immune-related genes from duck spleen with duck enteritis virus infection based on RNA-Seq technology[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2017,48(2):297-306.(in Chinese)
[4] 付言锋,李兰,赵为民,等.转录组测序分析猪胚胎附植的中期和后期卵巢差异表达基因[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018, 49(9):1879-1888.
FU Y F,LI L,ZHAO W M,et al.Differentially expressed genes analysis between mid-implantation and post-implantation in porcine ovary by RNA sequencing[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2018,49(9):1879-1888.(in Chinese)
[5] 浦思颖,郑杰,杨远潇,等.牦牛新鲜囊胚与玻璃化冻融囊胚转录组的比较分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(4):709-717.
PU S Y,ZHENG J,YANG Y X,et al.Comparative transcriptome analysis between fresh and vitrified-thawed blastocysts of the yak (Bos grunniens)[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2018,49(4):709-717.(in Chinese)
[6] HAAS B J,ZODY M C.Advancing RNA-Seq analysis[J].Nat Biotechnol,2010,28(5):421-423.
[7] GAUDET P,ŠKUNCA N,HU J C,et al.Primer on the gene ontology[J].Methods Mol Biol,2017,1446:25-37.
[8] KANEHISA M,FURUMICHI M,TANABE M,et al.KEGG:new perspectives on genomes,pathways,diseases and drugs[J].Nucleic Acids Res,2017,45(D1):D353-D361.
[9] LI J J,HUANG H Y,BICKEL P J,et al.Comparison of D. melanogaster and C. elegans developmental stages,tissues,and cells by modENCODE RNA-Seq data[J].Genome Res,2014,24(7):1086-1101.
[10] 陈巍.人与小鼠脑组织转录组基因表达与功能比较研究及多巴胺D5受体与胃泌素受体在促尿钠排泄中的协同互作研究[D]. 北京:北京协和医学院,2016.
CHEN W.Comparative analysis of gene expression and function between human and mouse brain tissues and the synergistic roles of cholecystokinin B and dopamine D5 receptors on the regulation of renal sodium excretion[D].Beijing:Peking Union Medical College,2016.(in Chinese)
[11] BOLGER A M,LOHSE M,USADEL B.Trimmomatic:a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data[J]. Bioinformatics, 2014, 30(15):2114-2120.
[12] BROWN J,PIRRUNG M,MCCUE L A.FQC Dashboard:integrates FastQC results into a web-based,interactive,and exrensible FASTQ quality control tool[J].Bioinformatics,2017,33(19):3137-3139.
[13] LANGMEAD B.Aligning short sequencing reads with Bowtie[J].Curr Protoc Bioinform,2010,chapter 11(Unit11.17):Unit11.7.
[14] LANGMEAD B,SALZBERG S L.Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2[J].Nat Methods,2012,9(4):357-359.
[15] KIM D,PERTEA G,TRAPNELL C,et al.TopHat2:accurate alignment of transcriptomes in the presence of insertions,deletions and gene fusions[J].Genome Biol,2013,14(4):R36.
[16] DOBIN A,DAVIS C A,SCHLESINGER F,et al.STAR:ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner[J].Bioinformatics,2013,29(1):15-21.
[17] WU Q,SONG J Y,SUN Y Q,et al.Transcript profiles of Panax quinquefolius from flower,leaf and root bring new insights into genes related to ginsenosides biosynthesis and transcriptional regulation[J].Physiol Plant,2010,138(2):134-149.
[18] LI R Q,YU C,LI Y R,et al.SOAP2:an improved ultrafast tool for short read alignment[J].Bioinformatics,2009,25(15):1966-1967.
[19] ZYTNICKI M,QUESNEVILLE H.S-MART,a software toolbox to aid RNA-seq data analysis[J].PLoS One,2011,6(10):e25988.
[20] GRABHERR M G,HAAS B J,YASSOUR M,et al.Full-length transcriptome assembly from RNA-Seq data without a reference genome[J].Nat Biotechnol,2011,29(7):644-652.
[21] HAAS B J,PAPANICOLAOU A,YASSOUR M,et al.De novo transcript sequence reconstruction from RNA-Seq using the Trinity platform for reference generation and analysis[J].Nat Protoc,2013,8(8):1494-1512.
[22] XU Z X,JIE H,CHEN B L,et al.Illumina-based de novo transcriptome sequencing and analysis of Chinese forest musk deer[J].J Genet,2017,96(6):1033-1040.
[23] WEINER I,ATAR S,SCHWEITZER S,et al.Enhancing heterologous expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by transcript sequence optimization[J].Plant J,2018,94(1):22-31.
[24] HU J F,BORITZ E,WYLIE W,et al.Stochastic principles governing alternative splicing of RNA[J].PLoS Comput Biol,2017, 13(9):e1005761.
[25] PEVZNER P A,TANG H,WATERMAN M S.An eulerian path approach to DNA fragment assembly[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2001,98(17):9748-9753.
[26] MARDIS E R.Advances in genome biology and technology[J].Pharmacogenomics,2004,5(4):355-356.
[27] 柳军涛.基于高通量RNA-Seq数据转录组拼接的算法研究[D].济南:山东大学,2017.
LIU J T.Algorithm studies of transcriptome assembly based on high throughput RNA-Seq data[D].Ji'nan:Shandong University, 2017. (in Chinese)
[28] 王春宇.生物高通量测序片段拼接与分子标记识别算法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
WANG C Y.Research on biological high-throughput sequencing fragment assembly and molecular biomarker detection algorthms[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[29] TRAPNELL C,ROBERTS A,GOFF L,et al.Differential gene and transcript expression analysis of RNA-Seq experiments with TopHat and Cufflinks[J].Nat Protoc,2012,7(3):562-578.
[30] LI H,HANDSAKER B,WYSOKER A,et al.The sequence alignment/map format and SAMtools[J]. Bioinformatics, 2009, 25(16):2078-2079.
[31] LI B,DEWEY C N.RSEM:accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome[J].BMC Bioinformatics,2011,12:323.
[32] LOVE M I,HUBER W,ANDERS S.Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2[J]. Genome Biol,2014,15(12):550.
[33] ROBINSON M D,MCCARTHY D J,SMYTH G K.edgeR:a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data[J].Bioinformatics,2010,26(1):139-140.
[34] DJEBALI S,WUCHER V,FOISSAC S,et al.Bioinformatics pipeline for transcriptome sequencing analysis[M]//ØROM U. Enhancer RNAs. Methods in Molecular Biology,vol 1468.New York:Humana Press,2017:201-219.
[35] WANG L K,FENG Z X,WANG X,et al.DEGseq:an R package for identifying differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq data[J]. Bioinformatics,2010,26(1):136-138.
[36] SHIN J Y,CHOI S H,CHOI D W,et al.Differential gene expression of RNA-Seq experiments of primo vessel in rabbit lymph[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2018,doi:10.1016/j.jams.2018.10.008.
[37] SAMMETH M,FOISSAC S,GUIGÓ R.A general definition and nomenclature for alternative splicing events[J].PLoS Comput Biol, 2008,4(8):e1000147.
[38] MOONEY M A,NIGG J T,MCWEENEY S K,et al.Functional and genomic context in pathway analysis of GWAS data[J].Trends Genet,2014,30(9):390-400.
[39] LUO Y J,QIU Y,NA R,et al.A Golden gate and gateway double-compatible vector system for high throughput functional analysis of genes[J].Plant Sci,2018,271:117-126.
[40] FABREGAT A,KORNINGER F,VITERI G,et al.Reactome graph database:Efficient access to complex pathway data[J].PLoS Comput Biol,2018,14(1):e1005968.
[41] NEAVES S R,TSOKA S,MILLARD L A C.Reactome Pengine:A web-logic API to the Homo sapiens reactome[J]. Bioinformatics, 2018,34(16):2856-2858.
[42] AI C,KONG L.CGPS:A machine learning-based approach integrating multiple gene set analysis tools for better prioritization of biologically relevant pathways[J].J Genet Genomics,2018,45(9):489-504.
[43] SUBRAMANIAN A,TAMAYO P,MOOTHA V K,et al.Gene set enrichment analysis:a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2005,102(43):15545-15550.
[44] PITA-JUÁREZ Y,ALTSCHULER G,KARIOTIS S,et al.The pathway coexpression network:revealing pathway relationships[J]. PLoS Comput Biol,2018,14(3):e1006042.
[45] MUÑOZ A G,KUTMON M,EIJSSEN L,et al.Pathway analysis of transcriptomic data shows immunometabolic effects of vitamin D[J].J Mol Endocrinol,2018,60(2):95-108.
[46] YANG H L,HUO P F,HU G Z,et al.Identification of gene markers associated with metastasis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma[J].Oncol Lett,2017,13(6):4755-4761.
[47] XIE C,MAO X Z,HUANG J J,et al.KOBAS 2.0:a web server for annotation and identification of enriched pathways and diseases[J].Nucleic Acids Res,2011,39(S2):W316-W322.
[48] YANG X,ZHU S,LI L,et al.Identification of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in ovarian cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis[J].Onco Targets Ther,2018,11:1457-1474.
[49] 郜金荣.分子生物学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.
GAO J R.Molecular biology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[50] WANG H J,KIRA Y,HAMURO A,et al.Differential gene expression of extracellular-matrix-related proteins in the vaginal apical compartment of women with pelvic organ prolapse[J].Int Urogynecol J,2018,doi:10.1007/s00192-018-3637-z.
[51] SHANNON P,MARKIEL A,OZIER O,et al.Cytoscape:a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks[J].Genome Res,2003,13(11):2498-2504.
[52] HAO M,JI X R,CHEN H,et al.Cell cycle and complement inhibitors may be specific for treatment of spinal cord injury in aged and young mice:transcriptomic analyses[J].Neural Regen Res,2018,13(3):518-527.
[53] LI Z J,LIU X L,ZHANG P P,et al.Comparative transcriptome analysis of hypothalamus-regulated feed intake induced by exogenous visfatin in chicks[J].BMC Genomics,2018,19(1):249.
[54] CARTER S L,BRECHBUHLER C M,GRIFFIN M,et al.Gene co-expression network topology provides a framework for molecular characterization of cellular state[J].Bioinformatics,2004,20(14):2242-2250.
[55] 娄鹏博.加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)筛选猪卵母细胞脂肪沉积相关基因[D].成都:四川农业大学,2016.
LOU P B.Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identify the fat deposition gene in pig oocytes[D]. Chengdu:Sichuan Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[56] JING R X,GU L T,LI J Q,et al.A transcriptomic comparison of theca and granulosa cells in chicken and cattle follicles reveals ESR2 as a potential regulator of CYP19A1 expression in the theca cells of chicken follicles[J].Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics,2018,27:40-53.
[57] 苏蕊,乔贤,范一星,等.基于RNA-Seq绒山羊皮肤两种毛囊差异表达基因的分析[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(11):15-20.
SU R,QIAO X,FAN Y X,et al.Analysis on differentially expressed genes by RNA-Seq in two kinds of hair follicle in cashmere goat's skin[J].Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici,2017,38(11):15-20.(in Chinese)
[58] 王旭平,杨胜林,柳诚刚,等.番鸭下丘脑组织的RNA-Seq特征分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(3):604-611.
WANG X P,YANG S L,LIU C G,et al.Characteristics analysis of hypothalamus of Muscovy ducks by RNA-Seq[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(3):604-611.(in Chinese)
[59] WANG Q Q,LU W K,YANG J K,et al.Comparative transcriptomics in three Passerida species provides insights into the evolution of avian mitochondrial complex Ⅰ[J].Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics,2018,28:27-36.
[60] KUMAR S,STECHER G,TAMURA K.MEGA7:Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets[J].Mol Biol Evol,2016,33(7):1870-1874.
[61] BODENHOFER U,BONATESTA E,HOREJŠ-KAINRATH C,et al.msa:an R package for multiple sequence alignment[J]. Bioinformatics, 2015,31(24):3997-3999.
[62] NAKAMURA T,YAMADA K D,TOMⅡ K,et al.Parallelization of MAFFT for large-scale multiple sequence alignments[J]. Bioinformatics, 2018,34(14):2490-2492.
[63] 谷俊峰,王希诚,赵金城.多序列渐进比对算法及其改进算法的研究与比较[J].大连大学学报,2005,26(2):48-53.
GU J F,WANG X C,ZHAO J C.Study and comparison of multiple sequence progressive alignment algorithm and its reformative algorithms[J].Journal of Dalian University,2005,26(2):48-53.(in Chinese)
[64] NIELSEN R,HELLMANN I,HUBISZ M,et al.Recent and ongoing selection in the human genome[J].Nat Rev Genet, 2007, 8(11):857-868.
[65] AL-TOBASEI R,ALI A,LEEDS T D,et al.Identification of SNPs associated with muscle yield and quality traits using allelic-imbalance analyses of pooled RNA-Seq samples in rainbow trout[J].BMC Genomics,2017,18(1):582.
[66] VAN BELLEGHEM S M,ROELOFS D,VAN HOUDT J,et al.De novo transcriptome assembly and SNP discovery in the wing polymorphic salt marsh beetle Pogonus chalceus (Coleoptera,Carabidae)[J].PLoS One,2012,7(8):e42605.
[67] 何骋.转录组测序数据分析在玉米籽粒功能基因挖掘中的应用[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
HE C.Analysis of RNA-Seq data to identify functional genes in maize kernel[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2017.(in Chinese)
[68] 陈敏惠.牛和猪基因组选择信号研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
CHEN M H.Selection signatures in the genomes of cattle and pigs[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[69] JANSSEN S F,GORGELS T G M F,BOSSERS K,et al.Gene expression and functional annotation of the human ciliary body epithelia[J].PLoS One,2012,7(9):e44973.
[70] BOOIJ J C,VAN SOEST S,SWAGEMAKERS S M A,et al.Functional annotation of the human retinal pigment epithelium transcriptome[J].BMC Genomics,2009,10:164.
[71] 王刚.基于疾病表型的基因语义相似性分析与应用[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2012.
WANG G.Analysis and application of the gene semantic similarity based on disease phenotype[D].Xi'an:Xidian University,2012.(in Chinese)
[72] GUO S K,ZHAO Z H,LIU L J,et al.Comparative transcriptome analyses uncover key candidate genes mediating flight capacity in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) (Diptera:Tephritidae)[J].Int J Mol Sci,2018,19(2):396.
[73] TARIFEÑO-SALDIVIA E,LAVERGNE A,BERNARD A,et al.Transcriptome analysis of pancreatic cells across distant species highlights novel important regulator genes[J].BMC Biol,2017,15(1):21.
[74] 陈浣,夏菲,吴新儒,等.集群分离分析法在植物基因定位上的应用[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2016,35(6):1546-1551.
CHEN H,XIA F,WU X R,et al.The application of Bulked Segregant analysis in plant gene mapping[J].Genom Appl Biol, 2016, 35(6):1546-1551.(in Chinese)
[75] HOU X G,GUO Q,WEI W Q,et al.Screening of genes related to early and late flowering in tree peony based on Bulked Segregant RNA sequencing and verification by quantitative real-time PCR[J].Molecules,2018,23(3):689.
[76] LIU S Z,YEH C T,TANG H M,et al.Gene mapping via Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq)[J].PLoS One,2012,7(5):e36406.
[77] EDGER P P,VANBUREN R,COLLE M,et al.Single-molecule sequencing and optical mapping yields an improved genome of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with chromosome-scale contiguity[J].Gigascience,2018,7(2):1-7.
[78] UDALL J A,DAWE R K.Is it ordered correctly? Validating genome assemblies by optical mapping[J].Plant Cell, 2018, 30(1):7-14.

Transcriptomics Analysis and Functional Genes Mining

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LI Chao, ZHAO Xueyan, WANG Yongjun, WANG Yanping, REN Yifan, LI Jingxuan, WANG Huaizhong, WANG Jiying, SONG Qinye. Analysis on the Structural Composition and Function of Bacterial Microbiota of Caecum and Colon in Laiwu and DLY pigs [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5033-5045.
[2]	GUO Yanli, LI Keqiang, BAI Shaochuan, WANG Tao, WANG Dehe, WANG Qi, LI Lanhui. The Structure, Activity Regulation of ALV-E and Its Effects on Host Function [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(7): 2683-2691.
[3]	WANG Kaiming, YU Zonggang, XU Xueli, AI Nini, LI Xintong, HE Jun, TAO Deng, ZHANG Shuo, MA Haiming, ZHANG Yuebo. Effect of Interfering Mtmr3 on C2C12 Cells Proliferation and Differentiation [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(4): 1478-1489.
[4]	YANG Xiaogeng, ZHANG Huizhu, LI Jian, XIANG Hua, HE Honghong. Research Progress of the DNA Methylation in Mammalian Oocyte and Early Embryo Development [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(2): 443-450.
[5]	LIU Jiqiang, HAO Xiaodong, WU Lina, LIAO Shiying, FENG Yifang, MI Shirong, LIU Shen, LIU Jian, ZHANG Longchao. Application of Whole Genome SNP Genotyping Technology in Livestock and Poultry Genetics and Breeding [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(12): 4123-4137.
[6]	WANG Yong, WANG Huaidong, GUO Yongqing, YU Ying, WANG Chuduan, WANG Xiaoshuo. Comparison of Genome-wide Differential Methylation Regions in dsRNA and Aza-CdR Transfected Porcine Kidney Cells [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(8): 2739-2750.
[7]	LIU Fangjun, LAN Wutao, MA Yueyue, LI Pengfei, ZHANG Lei, ZHU Zhiwei. Bioinformatics Analysis of miRNA-148a-3p and Detection of Its Expression Level in Different Tissues of Mice [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(2): 414-422.
[8]	ZHANG Hailiang, CHANG Yao, LOU Wenqi, WANG Kai, CHEN Ziwei, MI Siyuan, WEN Wan, WANG Yachun. A Review on Novel Traits in Dairy Cattle Breeding [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(10): 2687-2697.
[9]	YUE Yongqi, HUA Yonglin, XIONG Yan, LIN Yaqiu, XIONG Xianrong, LI Jian. Research Progress of microRNA Regulation on the Fat Deposition of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Intramuscular Fat in Animals [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(10): 2698-2709.
[10]	WANG Huan, ZOU Huiying, ZHU Huabin, ZHAO Shanjiang. Advances in Evaluation of Livestock Breeding New Materials by Using the CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Technology [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(4): 851-861.
[11]	LIU Xuexian, DU Bin, GUO Xiang, XUE Jixuan, YU Leitao, FAN Ruiwen. microRNA-146a Regulates the Proliferation and Migration of Alpaca Melanocytes by Targeting MAPK4 and Myosin Va Genes [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(4): 967-975.
[12]	SONG Xingchao, LIU Linling, PAN Hongjun, ZHAO Jiaping, JIA Yun, YANG Fuhe, XU Chao. Cloning,SNPs Screening and mRNA Differential Expression Analysis of TYR Gene in Skin of Mink(Neovison vison) [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(1): 66-76.
[13]	SHU Ze, WANG Lixian, WANG Ligang. Research Progress of Alternative Splicing and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Breeding [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(12): 2911-2920.
[14]	ZHANG Yi, BAI Hao, BI Yulin, LU Ao, HUANG Yanli, CHEN Guohong, CHANG Guobin. Research Progress of Copy Number Variation in Poultry Breeding [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(11): 2633-2640.
[15]	SHAN Wenjuan, DAI Huiying, ZHANG Yucong. Classification and Genetic Diversity of Three Hare Species in Xinjiang Based on Mitochondrial DNA [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(10): 2403-2412.